The recruitment and exploitation of children in armed conflict is prohibited by international law, yet thousands of children are being recruited around the world. Most are forcefully recruited, but others join voluntarily, naively believing in false promises of salvation from poverty.
Who recruits children
Children are recruited in large numbers by non-state structures, such as ISIS, who use children for direct combat and suicide terrorist missions. Such children are called 'Cubs of the Caliphate’. Other children participate voluntarily because they are promised free education.
Children are also recruited by the state armed forces. In some countries, such as Iran, Nigeria, Yemen, and Syria, this practice is allowed, and children join for food and shelter.
Girls are child soldiers too
Girls are also recruited as child soldiers, primarily as wives for male fighters. Some join falsley thinking it will bring greater freedom and independence. In addition to war trauma, they are exposed to sexual exploitation, human trafficking, forced pregnancy and abuse.
Uncertain future of former child soldiers
Child soldiers face psychological and social trauma, even if they manage to escape. They are deprived of an appropriate education, and their professional opportunities are reduced. The struggle with reintegration into society increases the chance of re-recruitment. Help and support are key to preventing a cycle of violence.