Today’s child protection practices are rooted in initiatives like the child rescue movement and voluntary agencies that started in the 19th century and provided support for children in need. In the Victorian and Edwardian era, the government made a distinction between children who deserved help and those who did not. Children with mental health issues and bad behaviour were considered 'problematic' and their families were seen as responsible and undeserving of help.
In many cases in which children acted out their traumas, their behaviour became the problem instead of the trauma itself. Sometimes school staff members characterized teenage students as 'criminal' for their behaviour and claimed that restorative practice do not work. In these cases, the child was considered undeserving of the school’s help. Vulnerable children with the most complex needs end up judged for their behaviour.
46% of the records between 1881 and 1918, and 50% of 2015–18 interviews with adult carers discussed children 'beyond help'. Decisions about who to help are also made based on budget cuts and resources, which has a negative effect on child protection staff.