The research, first looks at the legal systems and practice of administrative detention in France and in different countries of the European Union (United Kingdom, Poland, Belgium, Italy, Spain, Malta, Sweden, etc..) This review made it possible to distinguish broad trends and establish comparative models. On the other hand, the study analyses alternatives to detention in places including Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States – which allowed the organisation to consider the transferability of these approaches to France. An alternative to detention is a measure to avoid or minimize the experience of confinement for migrants who, if such a measure did not exist, would be placed in a detention centre. It attempts to respond more appropriately to the needs of governments which include, in particular, reducing disappearance rates and compliance obligations related to any control on asylum and immigration. There are several types of alternatives: registration and issue of residence permits, regular submission to authorities, parole, open or semi-open placement centres, house arrest, assisted voluntary return, and electronic surveillance. These alternatives are now the most common and form the basis of this study, but there are other, less known and practices as well. Document available in French only.